Significance and Use
5.1 The test method is designed to relate to high-speed, supercharged diesel engine operation and, in particular, to the deposit control characteristics and antiwear properties of diesel crankcase lubricating oils.
5.2 The test method is useful for the evaluation of diesel engine oil quality and crankcase oil specification acceptance. This test method, along with others, defines the minimum performance level of the API categories CF and CF-2 (detailed information about passing limits for these categories is included in Specification D4485). It is also used in MIL-PRF-2104.
5.3 The results are significant only when all details of the procedure are followed. The basic engine used in this test method has a precombustion chamber (as compared to direct injection) and is most useful in predicting performance of engines similarly equipped. This factor should be considered when extrapolating test results. It has been found useful in predicting results with high sulfur fuels (that is, greater than 0.5 % by mass) and with certain preemission controlled engines. It has also been found useful when correlated with deposit control in two-stroke cycle diesel engines.
Scope
1.1 This test method covers a four-stroke cycle diesel engine test procedure for evaluating engine oils for certain high-temperature performance characteristics, particularly ring sticking, ring and cylinder wear, and accumulation of piston deposits. Such oils include both single viscosity SAE grade and multiviscosity SAE grade oils used in diesel engines. It is commonly known as the 1M-PC test (PC for Pre-Chamber) and is used in several API oil categories, notably the CF and CF-2 and the military category described in MIL-PRF-2104 (see Note 1).
NOTE 1: Companion test methods used to evaluate other engine oil performance characteristics for API oil categories CF and CF-2 are discussed in SAE J304. The companion tests used by the military can be found in MIL-PRF-2104.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The values in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Scope
1
Reference Documents
2
Terminology
3
Summary of Test Method
4
Significance and Use
5
Apparatus
6
Test Engine
6.1
Engine Accessories
6.2 – 6.14
Engine Oil System
6.15
Cooling System
6.16
Fuel System
6.17
Intake Air System
6.18
Exhaust System
6.19
Blowby Meter
6.20
Thermocouples
6.21
Parts
6.22
Instrumentation
6.23
Crankcase Paint
6.24
Reagents and Materials
7
Fuel
7.1
Test Oil
7.2
Engine Coolant
7.3
Cleaning Materials
7.4
Safety
8
Preparation of Apparatus
9
Supplementary Service Information
9.1
General Engine Inspection
9.2
Intake Air System
9.3
Cooling System
9.4
Engine Cooling System Cleaning
9.5
Instrumentation Calibration Requirements
9.6
Engine Crankcase Cleaning
9.7
Additional Oil Filter
9.8
Flushing Procedure Components
9.9
Flushing Procedures
9.10
Piston Cleaning Preparation
9.11
Cylinder Head
9.12
Fuel Nozzle
9.13
Measurement
9.14
Procedure
10
Engine Break-in
10.1
Pre-Test Preparations
10.2
Warm-up Procedure
10.3
Operating Conditions
10.4
Periodic Measurements
10.5
Engine Oil Level
10.6
Oil Addition Procedure
10.7
Cool-Down Procedure
10.8
Shutdowns
10.9
Fuel System
10.10
Brake Specific Oil Consumption (BSOC) Calculation
10.11
Inspection
11
Preparation
11.1
Inspection
11.2
Rater Training
11.3
Referee Ratings
11.4
Calibration of Test Method
12
Requirements
12.1
Reference Oils
12.2
Test Numbering
12.3
Definition of a Test
12.4
New Laboratories and New Test Stands
12.5
Frequency of Calibration Tests
12.6
Specified Test Parameters
12.10
Acceptance of Calibration Tests
12.11
Failing Reference Oil Calibration Tests
12.12
Non-Standard Tests
12.13
Severity Adjustments and Control Charting
12.14
Test Reporting
12.15
Reporting Reference Results
12.16
Analysis of Reference Oils
12.17
Precision and Bias
13
Precision
13.1
Bias
13.2
Keywords
14
ANNEXES
Figures and Schematics
Annex A1
Report Forms
Annex A2
Test Fuel Information
Annex A3
APPENDIXES
Humidity Correction Factors
Appendix X1
Report Form Examples
Appendix X2
1M-PC Multiple Testing
Appendix X3
