ASTM D2650 - Standard Test Method for Chemical Composition of Gases by Mass Spectrometry

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Significance and Use

5.1 A knowledge of the composition of refinery gases is useful in diagnosing the source of plant upsets, in determining the suitability of certain gas streams for use as fuel, or as feedstocks for polymerization and alkylation, and for monitoring the quality of commercial gases.

Scope

1.1 This test method covers the quantitative analysis of gases containing specific combinations of the following components: hydrogen; hydrocarbons with up to six carbon atoms per molecule; carbon monoxide; carbon dioxide; mercaptans with one or two carbon atoms per molecule; hydrogen sulfide; and air (nitrogen, oxygen, and argon). This test method cannot be used for the determination of constituents present in amounts less than 0.1 mole %. Dimethylbutanes are assumed absent unless specifically sought.

NOTE 1: Although experimental procedures described herein are uniform, calculation procedures vary with application. The following influences guide the selection of a particular calculation: qualitative mixture composition; minimum error due to components presumed absent; minimum cross interference between known components; maximum sensitivity to known components; low frequency and complexity of calibration; and type of computing machinery.

Because of these influences, a tabulation of calculation procedures recommended for stated applications is presented in Section 12 (Table 1).

Serial No. . . . . . . . . . .

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Name or Application

Commercial
Propane

Commercial
Butane

BB Stream
(Cracked
Butanes)

Dry Gas
Cracked
Fuel Gas

Mixed Iso
and Normal
Butanes

Reformer
Make-Up
Gas

Unstabi-
lized Fuel
Gas

Component

O

P

M

O

P

M

OC

PC

M

O

P

M

O

P

M

O

P

M

OC

PC

M

Hydrogen

…

15

2

M

…

10

2

M

16

2

M

Methane

…

14

16

M

…

9

16

M

15

16

M

EthyleneE

7

26

M

…

12

26

M

…

13

26

M

Ethane

6

30

M

…

11

30

M

…

7

30

M

12

30

M

Propene

5

42

M

7

42

M

6

42

M

10

42

M

…

8

42

M

Propane

3

44

M

4

44

M

4

44

M

7

44

M

3

44

M

5

44

M

6

44

M

Butadiene

…

1

54

M

3

54

M

…

2

54

M

Butene-1

1

56

M

1

56

M

7

41

M

1

…

9

41

M

Butene-2

1

56

M

1

56

M

8

56

M

1

56

M

…

10

56

M

Isobutene

1F

F

M

1

F

9

39

M

1

F

…

4

43

M

…

11

39

M

Isobutane

4

43

M

5

43

M

5

43

M

8

43

M

1

58

M

6

43

M

7

43

M

n-Butane

2

58

M

2

58

M

2

58

M

4

58

M

…

2

58

M

3

58

M

Pentenes

…

6

70

M

G

70

U

9

70

M

…

3

57

M

…

70

U

Isopentane

…

3

57

M

3

57

M

5

57

M

2

57

M

4

72

M

4

57

M

n-Pentane

…

6

72

M

…

5

72

M

Benzene

…

H

D

Hexanes

…

H

D

C6 cyclic paraffins

…

H

D

Hexanes

…

H

D

Toluene

…

H

D

Hydrogen sulfide

…

I

…

C

…

I

C

I

C

Carbon dioxide

…

I

…

C

…

I

C

I

C

Carbon monoxide

…

13

28

M

…

8

28

M

14

28

M

Nitrogen

…

Air

…

2

32

M

…

1

32

M

1

32

M

Acid Gases

…

I

…

C

…

I

C

I

C

ResidualE

8

27

M

8

27

M

10

27

M

16

14

M

5

27

M

11

14

M

17

14

M

ResidualE

9

29

M

9

29

M

11

29

M

17

15

M

6

29

M

12

15

M

18

15

M

ResidualE

…

18

27

M

…

13

27

M

19

27

M

ResidualE

…

19

29

M

…

14

29

M

20

29

M

Serial No. . . . . . . . . . .

14

15

16

Name or Application

H2-C6 Cracked Gas

H2-C6 Straight Run Gas

Light Refinery Gas

Component

O

P

M

O

P

M

O

P

M

Hydrogen

1

2

M

1

2

M

20

2

U

Methane

2

16

M

2

16

M

17

16

M

Ethylene

4

26

M

…

14

26

M

Ethane

7

30

M

5

30

M

13

30

M

Propene

11

42

M

…

12

42

M

Propane

6

29

M

4

29

M

10

29

M

Butadiene

15

54

M

…

Butane-1

…

11

56

M

Butene-2

16

56

M

…

Isobutene

…

Isobutane

12

43

M

9

43

M

9

43

M

n-Butane

18

58

M

14

58

M

8

58

M

Pentenes

21

70

M

…

15

70

M

Isopentane

17

57

M

13

57

M

7

57

M

n-Pentane

22

72

M

18

72

M

6

72

M

Benzene

…

19

78

M

5

78

U

Hexanes

23

84

M

…

4

84

U

C6 cyclic paraffins

…

20

84

M

…

Hexanes

…

17

71

M

3

86

U

Toluene

…

21

92

M

…

Hydrogen sulfide

9

34

M

7

34

M

1

34

U

Carbon dioxide

13

44

M

10

44

M

16

44

U

Carbon monoxide

…

18

12

U

Nitrogen

5

28

M

…

19

28

U

Air

8

32

M

6

32

M

2

32

U

Water

3

18

M

3

18

M

…

Cyclobutane

…

12

56

M

…

Cyclopentene

20

67

M

…

Pentadienes

20

67

M

…

Cyclopentane

…

16

70

M

…

Methylmercaptan

14

48

M

11

48

M

…

Ethylmercaptan

19

62

M

15

62

M

…

Residual 41

10

41

M

8

41

M

…

Residual 14

24

14

M

22

14

M

…

NOTE 2: This test method was developed on Consolidated Electrodynamics Corporation Type 103 Mass Spectrometers. Users of other instruments may have to modify operating parameters and the calibration procedure.

1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Go to ASTM D2650 at ASTM.org

ASTM D2650 – Standard Test Method for Chemical Composition of Gases by Mass Spectrometry

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