Significance and Use
5.1 The health of workers in many industries is at risk through exposure by inhalation to toxic metals and metalloids. Industrial hygienists and other public health professionals need to determine the effectiveness of measures taken to control workers’ exposures, and this is generally achieved by making workplace air measurements. This test method has been promulgated in order to make available a standard methodology for making valid exposure measurements for a wide range of metals and metalloids that are used in industry. It will be of benefit to agencies concerned with health and safety at work; industrial hygienists and other public health professionals; analytical laboratories; industrial users of metals and metalloids and their workers, and other groups.
5.2 This test method specifies a generic method for determination of the mass concentration of metals and metalloids in workplace air using ICP-AES.
5.3 The analysis results can be used for the assessment of workplace exposures to metals and metalloids in workplace air.
5.4 When sampling and analysis is carried out in accordance with this test method, the overall procedure normally satisfies the performance requirements of ISO 20581.
NOTE 2: Refer to Guide E1370 for guidance on the development of appropriate exposure assessment and measurement strategies.
Scope
1.1 This test method specifies a procedure for collection, sample preparation, and analysis of airborne particulate matter for the content of metals and metalloids using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The method is generally applicable to occupational exposure monitoring.
1.2 This test method is applicable to personal sampling of the inhalable or respirable fraction of airborne particles and to area sampling.
1.3 This test method should be used by analysts experienced in the use of ICP-AES, the interpretation of spectral and matrix interferences, and procedures for their correction.
1.4 This test method specifies a number of alternative methods for preparing test solutions from samples of airborne particulate matter. One of the specified sample preparation methods is applicable to the measurement of soluble metal or metalloid compounds. Other specified methods are applicable to the measurement of total metals and metalloids.
1.5 It is the user’s responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for sampling materials of untested matrices.
1.6 The following is a non-exclusive list of metals and metalloids for which one or more of the sample dissolution methods specified in this document is applicable. However, there is insufficient information available on the effectiveness of dissolution methods for those elements in italics.
Aluminum
Indium
Sodium
Antimony
Iron
Strontium
Arsenic
Lead
Tantalum
Barium
Lithium
Tellurium
Beryllium
Magnesium
Thallium
Bismuth
Manganese
Tin
Boron
Molybdenum
Titanium
Cadmium
Nickel
Tungsten
Calcium
Phosphorus
Uranium
Cesium
Platinum
Vanadium
Chromium
Potassium
Yttrium
Cobalt
Rhodium
Zinc
Copper
Selenium
Zirconium
Hafnium
Silver
1.7 This test method is not applicable to the sampling of elemental mercury, or to inorganic compounds of metals and metalloids that are present in the gaseous or vapor state.
1.8 No detailed operating instructions are provided because of differences among various makes and models of suitable ICP-AES instruments. Instead, the analyst shall follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the particular instrument. This test method does not address comparative accuracy of different devices or the precision between instruments of the same make and model.
1.9 This test method contains notes that are explanatory and are not part of the mandatory requirements of this test method.
1.10 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.11 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.12 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.