Abstract
This specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless covered by the individual product specification in another ASTM document, applies to steel forgings for general use. Materials shall be produced primarily by either electric-furnace, basic oxygen, vacuum-induction (VIM), or open-hearth melting process. The primary melting may incorporate separate degassing or refining and may be followed by secondary melting, using electro slag (ESR) or vacuum arc remelting (VAR). Steel shall be forged by any of these three classes based on forging temperature: cold-worked forging, hot-cold-worked forging, or hot-worked forging. After forging, specimens shall be allowed to cool prior to reheating for heat treatment. Details of heat and product analyses for the evaluation of chemical composition are thoroughly discussed. Tension and hardness tests shall be conducted to evaluate mechanical properties such as percentage of elongation and reduction of area. Repair welding shall not be allowed unless permitted by the product specification.
Scope
1.1 This specification2 covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the individual product specification, shall apply to steel forgings under any of the following specifications issued by ASTM:
ASTM Designation
Title
A266/A266M
Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components
A288
Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Magnetic Retaining Rings for Turbine Generators
A289/A289M
Alloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retaining Rings for Generators
A290/A290M
Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Rings for Reduction Gears
A291/A291M
Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for Pinions, Gears, and Shafts for Reduction Gears
A336/A336M
Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature Parts
A372/A372M
Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels
A469/A469M
Vacuum-Treated Steel Forgings for Generator Rotors
A470/A470M
Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts
A471/A471M
Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels
A473
Stainless Steel Forgings
A504/A504M
Wrought Carbon Steel Wheels
A508/A508M
Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessels
A541/A541M
Quenched and Tempered Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components
A579/A579M
Superstrength Alloy Steel Forgings
A592/A592M
High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Steel Forged Parts for Pressure Vessels
A646/A646M
Premium Quality Alloy Steel Blooms and Billets for Aircraft and Aerospace Forgings
A649/A649M
Forged Steel Rolls Used for Corrugating Paper Machinery
A668/A668M
Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for General Industrial Use
A705/A705M
Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Forgings
A711/A711M
Steel Forging Stock
A723/A723M
Alloy Steel Forgings for High-Strength Pressure Component Application
A729/A729M
Carbon and Alloy Steel Axles, Heat Treated, for Mass Transit and Electric Railway Service
A765/A765M
Carbon Steel and Low-Alloy Steel Pressure-Vessel-Component Forgings with Mandatory Toughness Requirements
A837/A837M
Steel Forgings, Alloy, for Carburizing Applications
A859/A859M
Age-Hardening Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components
A891/A891M
Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels
A909/A909M
Steel Forgings, Microalloy, for General Industrial Use
A965/A965M
Steel Forgings, Austenitic, for Pressure and High Temperature Parts
A982/A982M
Steel Forgings, Stainless, for Compressor and Turbine Airfoils
A983/A983M
Continuous Grain Flow Forged Carbon and Alloy Steel Crankshafts for Medium Speed Diesel Engines
A986/A986M
Magnetic Particle Examination of Continuous Grain Flow Crankshaft Forgings
A1021/A1021M
Martensitic Stainless Steel Forgings and Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service
A1049/A1049M
Stainless Steel Forgings, Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex), for Pressure Vessels and Related Components
A1090/A1090M
Forged Rings and Hollows for Use as Base Plates in Power Transmission Structures
1.2 In case of conflict in requirements, the requirements of the individual product specifications shall prevail over those of this specification.
1.3 The purchaser may specify additional requirements (see 4.2.3) that do not negate any of the provisions of either this specification or of the individual product specifications. The acceptance of any such additional requirements shall be dependent on negotiations with the supplier and must be included in the order.
1.4 If, by agreement, forgings are to be supplied in a partially completed condition, that is, all of the provisions of the product specification have not been filled, then the material marking (see Section 17) and certification (see Section 16) shall reflect the extent to which the product specification requirements have been met.
1.5 As noted in the Certification Section (16), the number and year date of this specification, as well as that of the product specification, are required to be included in the product certification.
1.6 When the SI version of a product specification is required by the purchase order, Specification A788/A788M shall be used in conjunction with Test Methods A1058 instead of Test Methods and Definitions A370.
1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
