Significance and Use

American National Standards Institute Inc.

5.1 Pentane insolubles can include oil-insoluble materials and some oil-insoluble resinous matter originating from oil or additive degradation, or both.

5.2 Toluene insoluble materials can come from (1) external contamination, (2) fuel carbon and highly carbonized materials from degradation of fuel, oil, and additives, or (3) engine wear and corrosion materials.

5.3 A significant change in pentane insolubles, toluene insolubles (with or without coagulant), and insoluble resins indicates a change in oil which could lead to lubrication system problems.

5.4 Insolubles measured can also assist in evaluating the performance characteristics of a used oil or in determining the cause of equipment failure.

Scope

1.1 This test method covers the determination of pentane and toluene insolubles in used lubricating oils.

1.2 Procedure A  covers the determination of insolubles without the use of coagulant in the pentane. It provides an indication of the materials that can readily be separated from the oil-solvent mixtures by centrifuging.

1.3 Procedure B  covers the determination of insolubles in oils containing detergents and employs a coagulant for both the pentane and toluene insolubles. In addition to the materials separated by using Procedure A, this coagulation procedure separates some finely divided materials that may be suspended in the oil.

NOTE 1: Results obtained by Procedures A and B should not be compared since they usually give different values. The same procedure should be employed when comparing values obtained periodically on an oil in use or when comparing results determined by two or more laboratories.

1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7 and 9.1.1.

1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Go to ASTM D893 at ASTM.org

Add your thoughts about the standard.

1375 - Demolition Materials (549) 1377 - Cartridge and Propellant Actuated Devices and Components (524) 4720 - Hose and Flexible Tubing (552) 4730 - Hose, Pipe, Tube, Lubrication, and Railing Fittings (1823) 5120 - Hand Tools, Nonedged, Nonpowered (1124) 5305 - Screws (781) 5306 - Bolts (996) 5310 - Nuts and Washers (864) 5330 - Packing and Gasket Materials (583) 5340 - Hardware, Commercial (953) 5905 - Resistor (753) 5910 - Capacitors (783) 5930 - Switches (1012) 5935 - Connectors, Electrical (4357) 5940 - Lugs, Terminals, and Terminal Strips (564) 5945 - Relays and Solenoids (733) 5950 - Coils and Transformers (856) 5960 - Electron Tubes and Associated Hardware (1630) 5961 - Semiconductor Devices and Associated Hardware (707) 6145 - Wire and Cable, Electrical (1629) 6240 - Electric Lamps (662) 6505 - Drugs and Biologicals (1343) 6515 - Medical and Surgical Instruments, Equipment, and Supplies (1907) 6520 - Dental Instruments, Equipment, and Supplies (790) 6530 - Hospital Furniture, Equipment, Utensils, and Supplies (745) 6610 - Flight Instruments (540) 6625 - Electrical and Electronic Properties Measuring and Testing Instruments (1241) 6640 - Laboratory Equipment and Supplies (1187) 6810 - Chemicals (1114) 8010 - Paints, Dopes, Varnishes, and Related Products (2046) 8030 - Preservative and Sealing Compounds (554) 8140 - Ammunition and Nuclear Ordnance Boxes, Packages and Special Containers (797) 8305 - Textile Fabrics (910) 8415 - Clothing, Special Purpose (660) 8455 - Badges and Insignia (3093) 8915 - Fruits and Vegetables (531) 9330 - Plastics Fabricated Materials (759) FACR (1647) ISDA (1776) ISDD (786) ISDF (1827) ISDN (581) MISC (1045) PACK (539) SESS (581)
Aerospace Material (225) Aircraft Air Conditioning, Heating, and Pressurizing Equipment (334) Aircraft Hydraulic, Vacuum, and De-icing System Components (263) Ammunition, 75mm through 125mm (192) Ammunition, over 30mm up to 75mm (208) Ammunition, through 30mm (349) Analytical Chemistry (180) Bombs (192) Building (414) Bulk Explosives (261) Cartridge and Propellant Actuated Devices and Components (524) Consumer Product Evaluation (267) Copper (192) Demolition Materials (549) Electrical and Magnetic Conductor (162) Electronics (153) Environmental Toxicology (187) Fire Control Computing Sights and Devices (338) Fire Control Radar Equipment, except Airborne (197) Fuzes and Primers (454) Geotechnical Engineering (217) GUN (640) Land Mines (276) Medical Device and Implant (427) Military Chemical Agents (156) Miscellaneous Aircraft Accessories and Components (231) Miscellaneous Fire Control Equipment (216) Nondestructive Testing (246) Nonferrous Metal and Nonferrous Alloy (367) Nuclear Technology (274) Optical Sighting and Ranging Equipment (451) Paint and Related Coating (456) Parachutes; Aerial Pick Up, Delivery, Recovery Systems; and Cargo Tie Down Equipment (324) Petroleum (378) Plastic Pipe (248) Pyrotechnics (175) Road and Paving (177) Rockets, Rocket Ammunition and Rocket Components (368) Rubber (166) Security System Pedestrian and Walkway Safety (157) Specialized Test and Handling Equipment, Nuclear Ordnance (150) Sports and Recreation (316) Steel (908) Torpedos and Components, Inert (258) (621)